Python List, Tuple, Set, and Dictionary Methods Reference

Last Updated on May 11, 2026 by Admin

Index	Type	Method	Description	Example
1	list []	__add__	Combines two lists using +	[1,2] + [3,4]
2	list []	__class__	Returns the object’s class/type	x.__class__
3	list []	__class_getitem__	Supports generic type hints	list[int]
4	list []	__contains__	Checks if value exists in list	2 in [1,2,3]
5	list []	__delattr__	Deletes an attribute	del obj.attr
6	list []	__delitem__	Deletes item at index	del x[0]
7	list []	__dir__	Lists object attributes/methods	dir(x)
8	list []	__doc__	Returns documentation string	list.__doc__
9	list []	__eq__	Checks equality using ==	[1]==[1]
10	list []	__format__	Formats object output	format(x)
11	list []	__ge__	Greater than or equal comparison	[2] >= [1]
12	list []	__getattribute__	Retrieves an attribute	x.__getattribute__(‘append’)
13	list []	__getitem__	Accesses item by index	x[0]
14	list []	__getstate__	Returns state for pickling	x.__getstate__()
15	list []	__gt__	Greater than comparison	[2] > [1]
16	list []	__hash__	Returns hash value	hash(tuple(x))
17	list []	__iadd__	Adds in-place using +=	x += [4]
18	list []	__imul__	Multiplies in-place using *=	x *= 2
19	list []	__init__	Initialises object	list()
20	list []	__init_subclass__	Customises subclass creation	class A(list): pass
21	list []	__iter__	Returns iterator	iter(x)
22	list []	__le__	Less than or equal comparison	[1] <= [2]
23	list []	__len__	Returns length	len(x)
24	list []	__lt__	Less than comparison	[1] < [2]
25	list []	__mul__	Multiplies list using *	[1]*3
26	list []	__ne__	Checks inequality	[1] != [2]
27	list []	__new__	Creates new instance	list.__new__(list)
28	list []	__reduce__	Used for pickling	x.__reduce__()
29	list []	__reduce_ex__	Advanced pickling support	x.__reduce_ex__(4)
30	list []	__repr__	Official string representation	repr(x)
31	list []	__reversed__	Returns reverse iterator	reversed(x)
32	list []	__rmul__	Right-side multiplication	3 * [1]
33	list []	__setattr__	Sets attribute value	obj.attr = 1
34	list []	__setitem__	Sets item by index	x[0] = 5
35	list []	__sizeof__	Returns memory size	x.__sizeof__()
36	list []	__str__	User-friendly string output	str(x)
37	list []	__subclasshook__	Custom subclass checking	list.__subclasshook__(A)
38	list []	append	Adds item to end	x.append(4)
39	list []	clear	Removes all items	x.clear()
40	list []	copy	Creates shallow copy	x.copy()
41	list []	count	Counts occurrences	x.count(2)
42	list []	extend	Adds multiple items	x.extend([4,5])
43	list []	index	Returns item index	x.index(2)
44	list []	insert	Inserts item at index	x.insert(0,99)
45	list []	pop	Removes and returns item	x.pop()
46	list []	remove	Removes first matching item	x.remove(2)
47	list []	reverse	Reverses list	x.reverse()
48	list []	sort	Sorts list	x.sort()
49	tuple ()	__add__	Combines tuples	(1,2)+(3,4)
50	tuple ()	__class__	Returns object’s class	t.__class__
51	tuple ()	__class_getitem__	Supports type hints	tuple[int]
52	tuple ()	__contains__	Checks if item exists	2 in t
53	tuple ()	__delattr__	Deletes attribute	del obj.attr
54	tuple ()	__dir__	Lists attributes/methods	dir(t)
55	tuple ()	__doc__	Returns documentation	tuple.__doc__
56	tuple ()	__eq__	Equality comparison	(1)==(1)
57	tuple ()	__format__	Formats output	format(t)
58	tuple ()	__ge__	Greater/equal comparison	(2,) >= (1,)
59	tuple ()	__getattribute__	Retrieves attribute	t.__getattribute__(‘count’)
60	tuple ()	__getitem__	Accesses item by index	t[0]
61	tuple ()	__getnewargs__	Supports pickling	t.__getnewargs__()
62	tuple ()	__getstate__	Returns object state	t.__getstate__()
63	tuple ()	__gt__	Greater than comparison	(2,) > (1,)
64	tuple ()	__hash__	Returns hash value	hash(t)
65	tuple ()	__init__	Initialises object	tuple()
66	tuple ()	__init_subclass__	Custom subclass creation	class A(tuple): pass
67	tuple ()	__iter__	Returns iterator	iter(t)
68	tuple ()	__le__	Less/equal comparison	(1,) <= (2,)
69	tuple ()	__len__	Returns length	len(t)
70	tuple ()	__lt__	Less than comparison	(1,) < (2,)
71	tuple ()	__mul__	Repeats tuple	(1,2)*2
72	tuple ()	__ne__	Inequality comparison	(1,) != (2,)
73	tuple ()	__new__	Creates new object	tuple.__new__(tuple)
74	tuple ()	__reduce__	Used for pickling	t.__reduce__()
75	tuple ()	__reduce_ex__	Advanced pickling support	t.__reduce_ex__(4)
76	tuple ()	__repr__	Official representation	repr(t)
77	tuple ()	__rmul__	Right multiplication	2 * (1,)
78	tuple ()	__setattr__	Sets attribute	obj.attr = 1
79	tuple ()	__sizeof__	Returns memory size	t.__sizeof__()
80	tuple ()	__str__	User-friendly output	str(t)
81	tuple ()	__subclasshook__	Subclass checking	tuple.__subclasshook__(A)
82	tuple ()	count	Counts occurrences	t.count(2)
83	tuple ()	index	Returns item index	t.index(2)
84	set {}	__and__	Returns intersection using &	{1,2} & {2,3}
85	set {}	__class__	Returns object’s class	s.__class__
86	set {}	__class_getitem__	Supports type hints	set[int]
87	set {}	__contains__	Checks if item exists	2 in s
88	set {}	__delattr__	Deletes attribute	del obj.attr
89	set {}	__dir__	Lists methods/attributes	dir(s)
90	set {}	__doc__	Returns documentation	set.__doc__
91	set {}	__eq__	Equality comparison	{1} == {1}
92	set {}	__format__	Formats output	format(s)
93	set {}	__ge__	Greater/equal comparison	{1,2} >= {1}
94	set {}	__getattribute__	Retrieves attribute	s.__getattribute__(‘add’)
95	set {}	__getstate__	Returns object state	s.__getstate__()
96	set {}	__gt__	Greater than comparison	{1,2} > {1}
97	set {}	__hash__	Returns hash value	hash(frozenset(s))
98	set {}	__iand__	In-place intersection	s &= t
99	set {}	__init__	Initialises object	set()
100	set {}	__init_subclass__	Custom subclass creation	class A(set): pass
101	set {}	__ior__	In-place union	s \|= t
102	set {}	__isub__	In-place subtraction	s -= t
103	set {}	__iter__	Returns iterator	iter(s)
104	set {}	__ixor__	In-place symmetric difference	s ^= t
105	set {}	__le__	Less/equal comparison	{1} <= {1,2}
106	set {}	__len__	Returns length	len(s)
107	set {}	__lt__	Less than comparison	{1} < {1,2}
108	set {}	__ne__	Inequality comparison	{1} != {2}
109	set {}	__new__	Creates new object	set.__new__(set)
110	set {}	__or__	Returns union using \|	{1}\|{2}
111	set {}	__rand__	Reverse intersection	{1}&s
112	set {}	__reduce__	Used for pickling	s.__reduce__()
113	set {}	__reduce_ex__	Advanced pickling	s.__reduce_ex__(4)
114	set {}	__repr__	Official representation	repr(s)
115	set {}	__ror__	Reverse union	{1}\|s
116	set {}	__rsub__	Reverse subtraction	{1,2}-{2}
117	set {}	__rxor__	Reverse symmetric difference	{1}^s
118	set {}	__setattr__	Sets attribute	obj.attr = 1
119	set {}	__sizeof__	Returns memory size	s.__sizeof__()
120	set {}	__str__	User-friendly output	str(s)
121	set {}	__sub__	Difference using –	{1,2}-{2}
122	set {}	__subclasshook__	Subclass checking	set.__subclasshook__(A)
123	set {}	__xor__	Symmetric difference using ^	{1}^{2}
124	set {}	add	Adds item	s.add(5)
125	set {}	clear	Removes all items	s.clear()
126	set {}	copy	Creates shallow copy	s.copy()
127	set {}	difference	Returns differences	a.difference(b)
128	set {}	difference_update	Removes common items	a.difference_update(b)
129	set {}	discard	Removes item safely	s.discard(2)
130	set {}	intersection	Returns common items	a.intersection(b)
131	set {}	intersection_update	Keeps common items only	a.intersection_update(b)
132	set {}	isdisjoint	Checks no common items	a.isdisjoint(b)
133	set {}	issubset	Checks subset	a.issubset(b)
134	set {}	issuperset	Checks superset	a.issuperset(b)
135	set {}	pop	Removes random item	s.pop()
136	set {}	remove	Removes item	s.remove(2)
137	set {}	symmetric_difference	Returns non-common items	a.symmetric_difference(b)
138	set {}	symmetric_difference_update	Updates with non-common items	a.symmetric_difference_update(b)
139	set {}	union	Combines sets	a.union(b)
140	set {}	update	Adds items from another set	a.update(b)
141	dict{}	__class__	Returns object’s class	d.__class__
142	dict{}	__class_getitem__	Supports type hints	dict[str,int]
143	dict{}	__contains__	Checks if key exists	‘a’ in d
144	dict{}	__delattr__	Deletes attribute	del obj.attr
145	dict{}	__delitem__	Deletes key/value pair	del d[‘a’]
146	dict{}	__dir__	Lists methods/attributes	dir(d)
147	dict{}	__doc__	Returns documentation	dict.__doc__
148	dict{}	__eq__	Equality comparison	{‘a’:1} == {‘a’:1}
149	dict{}	__format__	Formats output	format(d)
150	dict{}	__ge__	Greater/equal comparison	d1 >= d2
151	dict{}	__getattribute__	Retrieves attribute	d.__getattribute__(‘keys’)
152	dict{}	__getitem__	Accesses value by key	d[‘a’]
153	dict{}	__getstate__	Returns object state	d.__getstate__()
154	dict{}	__gt__	Greater than comparison	d1 > d2
155	dict{}	__hash__	Returns hash value	hash(frozenset(d.items()))
156	dict{}	__init__	Initialises object	dict()
157	dict{}	__init_subclass__	Custom subclass creation	class A(dict): pass
158	dict{}	__ior__	In-place merge using \|=	d \|= {‘b’:2}
159	dict{}	__iter__	Returns iterator	iter(d)
160	dict{}	__le__	Less/equal comparison	d1 <= d2
161	dict{}	__len__	Returns number of items	len(d)
162	dict{}	__lt__	Less than comparison	d1 < d2
163	dict{}	__ne__	Inequality comparison	{‘a’:1} != {‘b’:2}
164	dict{}	__new__	Creates new object	dict.__new__(dict)
165	dict{}	__or__	Merges dictionaries using \|	d1 \| d2
166	dict{}	__reduce__	Used for pickling	d.__reduce__()
167	dict{}	__reduce_ex__	Advanced pickling support	d.__reduce_ex__(4)
168	dict{}	__repr__	Official representation	repr(d)
169	dict{}	__reversed__	Returns reverse iterator	reversed(d)
170	dict{}	__ror__	Reverse merge	d2 \| d1
171	dict{}	__setattr__	Sets attribute	obj.attr = 1
172	dict{}	__setitem__	Sets key/value pair	d[‘a’]=1
173	dict{}	__sizeof__	Returns memory size	d.__sizeof__()
174	dict{}	__str__	User-friendly output	str(d)
175	dict{}	__subclasshook__	Subclass checking	dict.__subclasshook__(A)
176	dict{}	clear	Removes all items	d.clear()
177	dict{}	copy	Creates shallow copy	d.copy()
178	dict{}	fromkeys	Creates dictionary from keys	dict.fromkeys([‘a’,’b’])
179	dict{}	get	Safely retrieves value	d.get(‘a’)
180	dict{}	items	Returns key/value pairs	d.items()
181	dict{}	keys	Returns keys	d.keys()
182	dict{}	pop	Removes key and returns value	d.pop(‘a’)
183	dict{}	popitem	Removes last inserted item	d.popitem()
184	dict{}	setdefault	Returns value or inserts default	d.setdefault(‘a’,0)
185	dict{}	update	Updates dictionary	d.update({‘a’:1})
186	dict{}	values	Returns values	d.values()

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